Table 1.
Clinical, laboratory, and ultrasonographic findings at time of diagnosis.
| Parameters | Number affected among 38 patients | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Co-morbidities | ||
| Chronic UTI | 25 | 65.7 |
| Impaired immune system | 10 | 26.3 |
| Bladder stones | 9 | 23.6 |
| Neurological bladder | 7 | 18.4 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 4 | 10.5 |
| Clinical findings | ||
| Hematuria | 17 | 44.7 |
| Pollakiuria | 5 | 13.1 |
| Urinary incontinence | 4 | 10.5 |
| PU/PD | 4 | 10.5 |
| Stranguria | 3 | 7.8 |
| Vomiting | 3 | 7.8 |
| Pneumaturia | 1 | 2.6 |
| Abdominal pain | 1 | 2.6 |
| Nausea | 1 | 2.6 |
| Fever | 1 | 2.6 |
| Laboratory findings | ||
| Positive urine culture | 35 | 92.1 |
| Bacteriuria | 26 | 68.4 |
| Leukocyturia | 18 | 47.3 |
| Serum creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL | 10 | 26.3 |
| Leukocytosis | 9 | 23.6 |
| Hyperglycemia | 5 | 13.1 |
| Glycosuria | 5 | 13.1 |
| Imaging findings | ||
| Bladder content | ||
| Hyperechoic | 29 | 76.3 |
| Anechoic | 9 | 23.6 |
| Bladder wall | ||
| Diffuse thickening | 15 | 39.4 |
| NA | 13 | 34.2 |
| Polyps | 9 | 23.6 |
| Focal thickening | 4 | 10.5 |
| Air location | ||
| Bladder lumen | 18 | 47.3 |
| Bladder wall | 11 | 28.9 |
| Bladder wall and lumen | 9 | 23.6 |
NA — bladder wall not assessable due to large amount of free gas in the lumen.
UTI — Urinary tract infection.
PU/PD — Polyuria/Polydipsia.