Comparison 2. NIPPV vs NCPAP (by device).

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Respiratory failure	10		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
1.1 Ventilator‐generated NIPPV	6	606	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.63 [0.47, 0.86]
1.2 Bilevel NIPPV	2	160	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.44, 2.27]
1.3 Mixed devices	2	294	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.59 [0.38, 0.93]
2 Need for intubation	10		Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
2.1 Ventilator‐generated NIPPV	6	606	Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.08 [‐0.14, ‐0.02]
2.2 Bilevel NIPPV	2	160	Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [‐0.10, 0.10]
2.3 Mixed devices	2	294	Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.11 [‐0.20, ‐0.02]
3 Mortality	9	977	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.77 [0.51, 1.15]
3.1 Ventilator‐generated NIPPV	5	522	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.80 [0.52, 1.23]
3.2 Bilevel NIPPV	2	160	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.2 [0.01, 4.08]
3.3 Mixed devices	2	295	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.78 [0.21, 2.83]
4 Chronic lung disease	9		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
4.1 Ventilator‐generated NIPPV	5	457	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.73 [0.47, 1.15]
4.2 Bilevel NIPPV	2	160	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.71 [0.24, 2.13]
4.3 Mixed devices	2	282	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.85 [0.54, 1.32]
5 Pneumothorax	10		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
5.1 Ventilator‐generated NIPPV	6	606	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.49 [0.21, 1.11]
5.2 Bilevel NIPPV	2	160	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.5 [0.49, 12.67]
5.3 Mixed devices	2	295	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.42 [0.28, 7.29]
6 Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (grade III/IV)	3	346	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.35 [0.51, 3.62]
6.1 Ventilator‐generated NIPPV	2	236	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.03 [0.35, 3.04]
6.2 Mixed devices	1	110	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	5.37 [0.26, 109.35]