| Methods |
Randomized controlled multicenter trial |
| Participants |
Infants with birth weight less than 1000 grams and gestational age less than 30 weeks were assigned to 1 of 2 forms of noninvasive respiratory support ‐ nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ‐ at the time of first use of noninvasive respiratory support during the first 28 days of life. |
| Interventions |
NIPPV (ventilator or bilevel, synchronized or not) vs NCPAP |
| Outcomes |
Death or BPD at 36 weeks, air leaks and necrotizing enterocolitis, duration of respiratory support, time to full feedings |
| Notes |
Obtained data from study authors regarding infants enrolled in the study and randomized within first 24 hours who were never on intubated respiratory support and never received surfactant (before randomization) |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Low risk |
|
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Low risk |
|
| Blinding (performance bias and detection bias)
All outcomes |
High risk |
Unblinded outcomes. BPD status determined by oxygen reduction test |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
|
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
Low risk |
|
| Other bias |
Low risk |
|
