Functional status	Clinical function	Hospitalisation/ institutionalisation	Severe/serious adverse events	Economic costs
Barton 2000	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Beck 2002	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Bouillanne 2013	Handgrip strength, ADL score	Biochemical data	‐	‐	‐
Bourdel‐Marchasson 2000	‐	Pressure ulcer development	‐	‐	‐
Brouillette 1991	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Castellanos 2009		‐	‐	‐	‐
Chang 2005	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Dennis 2005	‐	‐	Discharge destination	‐	‐
Duncan 2006	‐	‐	Length of stay in acute unit and in hospital (days)	‐	‐
Essed 2007	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Essed 2009	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Faxen‐Irving 2011	‐	Serum/plasma proteins, serum lipids, fatty acid profiles, ADLs	Length of stay	‐	‐
Gaskill 2009	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Germain 2006	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Hankey 1993	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Hickson 2004	Grip strength	‐	Length of stay (d), volume of fluids given	‐	‐
Holyday 2012	‐	‐	Length of stay, readmissions	Estimated
Johansen 2004	‐	‐	Length of stay (LOS28) = LOS from admission to inclusion + LOS from inclusion to discharge (maximum 28 days) LOS NDI = LOS 28 ‐ number of final days with NDI = 3) NDI = index of mobility, infections and complications	‐	‐
Kraft 2012	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Kretser 2003	iADL, ADL, dependence	‐	‐	‐	‐
Larsson 1990	Encompassed in the Modified Norton Scale	‐	‐	‐	‐
Leslie 2012	‐	‐	Yes	‐	‐
Lin 2010	Eating function (need for verbal and/or physical assistance or feeding + eating time)	‐	‐	‐	‐
Lin 2011	Eating function (need for verbal and/or physical assistance or feeding + eating time)	‐	‐	‐	‐
Mathey 2001a	‐	Biochemical data	_	_	_
Mathey 2001b	Hunger, appetite and sensory perception	‐	‐	‐	‐
Munk 2014	Handgrip strength		Length of hospital stay	‐	‐
Nijs 2006	Motor function (nursing home physical performance test)	‐	‐	‐	‐
Olofsson 2007	‐	‐	Length of hospital stay	‐	‐
Pivi 2011	‐	Biochemical data	‐	‐	‐
Potter 2001	Functional recovery (20‐point Barthel ADL index)	‐	Length of hospital stay, discharge placement	‐	‐
Remsburg 2001	‐	Biochemical status	‐	‐	‐
Salva 2011	ADL, iADL scores	MMSE, CDR, NPIQ	‐	‐	RUD score
Silver 2008	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Simmons 2008	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Simmons 2010	‐	‐	‐	‐	Cost‐effectiveness
Smolliner 2008	Handgrip strength, peak flow, Barthel score, SF‐36 (physical function only)	‐	‐	‐	‐
Splett 2003	‐	‐	Hospital admissions	‐	‐
Taylor 2006	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
Van den Berg 2015			Length of stay	Stated as none but not defined	‐
Van Ort	Functional ability of participant	‐	‐	‐	‐
ADL: activities of daily living; AMC: arm muscle circumference; BMI: body mass index; CDC: Centre for Disease Control; CDR: clinical dementia rating scale; CHO: carbohydrate; d: day; EQ‐5D/EuroQol: European Quality of Life Scale; HGS: handgrip strength; iADL: instrumental Activities of Daily Living; MAC: mid‐arm circumference; MAMC: mid‐arm muscle circumference; MJ: mega joules; MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination; MNA: Mini Nutritional Assessment; NPIQ: Neuropyschiatric Inventory Question; PGCMS: Philadelphia Geriatric Centre Morale Scale; QOL: quality of life; RUD: reduction in use of health and social care scale; SF‐36: Short Form ‐ 36; SGA: subjective global assessment; SIP: sickness impact profile; TSF: triceps skinfold thickness