Intervention(s) and comparator(s)	Deaths (N/N (%))	Participants with adverse events (N/N (%))	Participants with severe/serious adverse events (N/N (%))	Participants discontinuing trial due to adverse event (N/N (%))
Barton 2000	I1: reduced portion fortified menu	‐	‐	‐	‐
	I2: normal menu plus cooked breakfast	‐	‐	‐
	C: normal hospital menu	‐	‐	‐	‐
Beck 2002	I1: homemade oral supplement (A)	‐	‐	‐	‐
	I2: homemade oral supplement (B)
	C: usual diet	‐	‐	‐	‐
Bouillanne 2013	I: pulse diet (78% protein at lunch)	1/30 (3.3)	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual diet (protein distributed between meals)	1/36 (2.8)	‐	‐	‐
Bourdel‐Marchasson 2000	I: oral supplementation + standard diet	25/295 (8.5)	‐	‐	‐
	C: standard diet	22/377 (5.8)	‐	‐	‐
Brouillette 1991	I: osmotherapy + activities	1/10 (10)	‐	‐	‐
	C: activities only	0/10 (0)	‐	‐	‐
Castellanos 2009	I1: fortified breakfast and lunch menu	‐	‐	‐	‐
	I2: fortified lunch menu	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual menu	‐	‐		‐
Chang 2005	I: training in feeding skills	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: no training	‐	‐	‐	‐
Dennis 2005	I: nutritional supplement + normal hospital diet	241/2016 (12)	138/4023 (3.4)	‐	‐
	C: normal hospital diet	253/2007 (12.6)		‐	‐
Duncan 2006	I. dietetic assistant	19/145 (13.1)	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	36/157 (22.9)	‐	‐	‐
Essed 2007	I1: monosodium glutamate	‐	‐	‐	‐
	I2: flavour	‐	‐	‐	‐
	I3: monosodium glutamate + flavour	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: maltodextrin	‐	‐	‐	‐
Essed 2009	I: monosodium glutamate + NaCl	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual hot meal	‐	‐	‐	‐
Faxen‐Irving 2011	I: 3 x 30 mL of fat emulsion daily	‐	5/34 (14.7)	‐	5/34 (14.7)
	C: usual care	2/37 (5.4)	‐	‐	‐
Gaskill 2009	I: nutrition education programme	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Germain 2006	I: re‐formed foods	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual diet	‐	‐	‐	‐
Hankey 1993	I: oral nutritional supplement	‐	3/10 (30)	‐	‐
	C: standard hospital diet	‐	3/10 (30)	‐	‐
Hickson 2004	I: feeding assistance	31/292 (10.6)	‐	‐
	C: usual care	35/300 (11.7)	‐	‐	‐
Holyday 2012	I: malnutrition care plan	1/72 (1.4)	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	4/72 (5.6)	‐	‐	‐
Johansen 2004	I: nutrition team	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Kraft 2012	I: oral nutritional supplement + telemedicine monitoring	‐	‐	‐	2/13 (15.4)
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Kretser 2003	I: modified meals on wheels	3/102 (2.9)	‐	‐	‐
	C: traditional meals on wheels	9/101 (8.9)	‐	‐	‐
Larsson 1990	I: oral nutritional supplement plus normal hospital diet	29/197 (14.7)	‐	‐	‐
	C: normal hospital diet	56/238 (23.5)	‐	‐	‐
Leslie 2012	I: energy enriched meals	2/19 (10.5)	‐	‐
	C: usual care	5/22 (22.7)	‐	‐	‐
Lin 2010	I1: spaced‐retrieval	‐	‐	‐	‐
	I2: Montessori	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Lin 2011	I: Montessori	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Mathey 2001a	I: improved meal ambiance	7/21 (33.3)	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	5/17 (29.4)	‐	‐	‐
Mathey 2001b	I: flavour enhancement	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Munk 2014	I: energy and protein enriched foods provided via a la carte menu in addition to hospital food	1/44 (2.2)	‐
	C: usual care	1/40 (2.5)	‐
Nijs 2006	I: family‐style meals	18/112 (16.1)		‐	‐
	C: usual care	16/133 (12.0)	‐	‐	‐
Olofsson 2007	I: multi‐component intervention (including nutrition)	9/102 (8.8)	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	13/97 (13.4)	‐	‐	‐
Pivi 2011	I1: nutrition education	‐	‐	‐	‐
	I2: oral nutritional supplements	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Potter 2001	I: oral nutritional supplement + normal hospital diet	21/186 (11.3)	Reported "no serious adverse events"	‐	‐
	C: normal hospital diet	33/195 (16.9)		‐	‐
Remsburg 2001	I: buffet‐style meals	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Salva 2011	I: teaching and training	43/448 (9.6)	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	29/498 (5.8)	‐	‐	‐
Silver 2008	I: fortified home‐delivered lunch	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual home‐delivered lunch	‐		‐	‐
Simmons 2008	I: feeding assistance and/or snacks	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual diet	‐	‐	‐	‐
Simmons 2010	I1: snacks	‐	‐	‐	‐
	I2: supplements	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Smolliner 2008	I: fortified meals and snacks	2/31 (6.5)	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual diet	1/34 (2.9)	‐	‐	‐
Splett 2003	I: medical nutrition therapy	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
Taylor 2006	I: 5‐meal menu	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual (3‐meal menu)	‐	‐	‐	‐
V an den Berg 2015	I1: 125 mL ONS twice daily with medication round	1/66 (1.5)	Reported "no serious adverse events"		11/88 (12.5) (refused further ONS)
	I2: 62 mL ONS four times daily with medication round	2/80 (2.5)			9/66 (13.6) (refused further ONS)
	C: usual care (125 mL ONS offered in between meals)	4/88 (4.5)			11/80 (13.8) (refused further ONS)
Van Ort 1995	I: contextual and behavioural intervention	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: usual care	‐	‐	‐	‐
C: comparator, I: intervention; ONS: oral nutritional supplement