Table 3.
Associations between NPI item scores and severity of cognitive deterioration and dementia aetiology
| NPI scores | ADAS-Cog | 3 diagnostic groups | Mixed vs Vascular+++ | Alzheimer’s vs Vascular+++ | Alzheimer’s vs Mixed+++ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| frequency total score | p<0.0001+ | p=0.9394++ | - | - | - |
| delusion: frequency | p=0.0526+ | p=0.038+++ | p=0.027 | p=0.351 | p=0.061 |
| hallucinations: frequency | p=0.1184+ | p<0.001+++ | p=0.218 | p=0.015 | p<0.001 |
| agitation: frequency | p=0.9609++ | p=0.091+++ | p=0.236 | p=0.038 | p=0.266 |
| depression: frequency | p=0.2107+ | p=0.116+++ | p=0.089 | p=0.018 | p=0.991 |
| anxiety: frequency | p=0.6039++ | p=0.606+++ | p=0.495 | p=0.556 | p=0.514 |
| euphoria: frequency | p=0.9513+ | p=0.060+++ | p=0.071 | p=0.045 | p=0.573 |
| apathy: frequency | p=0.0096+ | p=0.122+++ | p=0.655 | p=0.074 | p=0.123 |
| disinhibition: frequency | p<0.0001+ | p=0.032+++ | p=0.329 | p=0.005 | p=0.259 |
| irritability: frequency | p=0.0003+ | p=0.433+++ | p=0.743 | p=0.468 | p=0.211 |
| aberrant motor behaviour: frequency | p=0.0102+ | p=0.005+++ | p=0.004 | p=0.007 | p=0.350 |
| sleep and night-time behaviour: frequency | p=0.0015+ | p=0.930+++ | p=0.673 | p=0.814 | p=0.919 |
| appetite and eating changes: frequency | p=0.0027+ | p=0.123+++ | p=0.313 | p=0.185 | p=0.077 |
| severity total score | p=0.0002++ | p=0.7706++ | - | - | - |
| delusion: severity | p=0.0954++ | p=0.086+++ | p=0.082 | p=0.028 | p=0.735 |
| hallucinations: severity | p=0.1572+ | p=0.000+++ | p=0.004 | p=0.000 | p=0.016 |
| agitation: severity | p=0.9764++ | p=0.047+++ | p=0.124 | p=0.268 | p=0.029 |
| depression: severity | p=0.2995+ | p=0.083+++ | p=0.140 | p=0.013 | p=0.850 |
| anxiety: severity | p=0.9356++ | p=0.032+++ | p=0.617 | p=0.169 | p=0.007 |
| euphoria: severity | p=0.9513+ | p=0.060+++ | p=0.071 | p=0.045 | p=0.573 |
| apathy: severity | p=0.0074+ | p=0.161+++ | p=0.151 | p=0.054 | p=0.790 |
| disinhibition: severity | p<0.0001+ | p=0.009+++ | p=0.084 | p=0.001 | p=0.425 |
| irritability: severity | p<0.0001+ | p=0.568+++ | p=0.449 | p=0.308 | p=0.718 |
| aberrant motor behaviour: severity | p=0.0010+ | p=0.084+++ | p=0.143 | p=0.033 | p=0.445 |
| sleep and night-time behaviour: severity | p=0.0001+ | p=0,221+++ | p=0.228 | p=0.046 | p=0.830 |
| appetite and eating changes: severity | p=0.0010+ | p=0.449+++ | p=0.772 | p=0.230 | p=0.375 |
+: p-values based on Kruskal-Wallis test
++: p-values based on ANOVA test
+++: p-values based on Fisher’s exact test
Red colour highlights significant p-values for easier review of the data presented