Comparison 2. Vibratory stimulation versus placebo or no vibration.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS) at 6 hours, 24 hours, 3 days and 7 days	3		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
1.1 6 hours	2	114	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.52 [‐9.41, 8.36]
1.2 24 hours	3	154	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	1.32 [‐11.79, 14.43]
1.3 3 days	3	152	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	1.82 [‐5.12, 8.76]
1.4 7 days	3	152	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	1.28 [‐3.16, 5.71]
2 Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS) at 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 4 months.	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
2.1 1 month	1	58	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐8.42 [‐19.46, 2.62]
2.2 2 months	1	58	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐8.49 [‐16.54, ‐0.44]
2.3 3 months	1	58	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐5.39 [‐11.14, 0.36]
2.4 4 months	1	58	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐6.26 [‐11.85, ‐0.67]
3 Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS) after insertion of 0.018 NiTi wire	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
3.1 6 hours	1	52	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	9.21 [‐6.79, 25.21]
3.2 1 day	1	52	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	18.22 [2.09, 34.35]
3.3 3 days	1	52	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	5.55 [‐6.50, 17.60]
3.4 7 days	1	52	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	9.26 [‐2.07, 20.59]
4 Rescue medication	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
4.1 After bonding	1	40	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.43, 2.33]
4.2 1 day	1	40	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.63 [0.44, 0.92]
4.3 3 days	1	40	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.75 [0.19, 2.93]
4.4 7 days	1	14	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.02, 7.02]
4.5 After insertion of 0.014 NiTi wire	1	55	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.99 [0.72, 1.37]
4.6 After insertion of 0.018 NiTi wire	1	53	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.00 [0.46, 2.20]