George 2000.

Methods	Study design: Randomized controlled trial Country: USA Recruitment: People with schizophrenic disorders Group size: 4 ‐ 6
Participants	45 smokers with schizophrenia or schizo‐affective disorder; 67% men, av. age 40, av. cpd 30. More people were prescribed atypical antipsychotics in ALA group
Interventions	All used 21 mg nicotine patches from quit day in wk 3 1. ALA 7 x 60‐min sessions + 3 x supportive counselling 2. Special schizophrenia programme. 3 x 60‐min weekly sessions motivational enhancement + 7 x psycho‐education, social skills, RP
Outcomes	PPA 6m from therapy completion Validation: CO < 10 ppm
Notes	No non‐group control. 2 vs 1 in comparison 2.4 evaluating enhanced programme in specific population
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	"Assigned to groups by using a block randomization procedure such that when 4‐6 subjects were ... considered eligible ... they were assigned together [to one of the programmes]."
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details given
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Biochemical validation of abstinence
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All randomized participants included in analysis