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. 2016 Oct 24;2016(10):CD001446. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001446.pub5

Comparison 1. Corticosteroid (CS) versus control.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Disability grade change after 4 weeks 6 587 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.36 [‐0.16, 0.88]
1.1 Oral regimens 4 120 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.82 [0.17, 1.47]
1.2 Intravenous regimens 2 467 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.17 [‐0.39, 0.06]
2 Improvement by ≥ 1 grades after 4 weeks 5 567 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.08 [0.93, 1.24]
2.1 Oral regimens 3 100 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.80 [0.55, 1.16]
2.2 Intravenous regimens 2 467 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.14 [0.97, 1.34]
3 Treatment vs. control OR for improvement by ≥ 1 grades by 4 weeks adjusted for age and initial disability grade 2   log(OR) (Fixed, 95% CI) 0.34 [‐0.05, 0.73]
4 Death 7 605 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.28 [0.67, 2.47]
4.1 Oral regimens 5 138 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.04 [0.41, 2.63]
4.2 Intravenous regimens 2 467 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.55 [0.61, 3.94]
5 Death or disability after 1 year 3 491 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.51 [0.91, 2.50]
5.1 Oral regimens 1 40 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.90 [0.14, 5.81]
5.2 Intravenous regimens 2 451 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.57 [0.93, 2.66]
6 Disability grade change after 6 months 2 455 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐0.36, 0.16]
7 Disability grade change after 12 months 3 471 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.03 [‐0.23, 0.29]
8 Proportion of participants who relapsed 3 490 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.14 [0.59, 2.18]
8.1 Oral regimens 1 40 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 6.36 [0.35, 115.73]
8.2 Intravenous regimens 2 450 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.48, 1.91]
9 Adverse events 2   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
9.1 New infection treated with antibiotics 2 467 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.74 [0.52, 1.04]
9.2 Gastrointestinal haemorrhage 2 467 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.17 [0.36, 3.78]
9.3 Diabetes mellitus requiring insulin 2 467 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.21 [1.19, 4.12]
9.4 Hypertension 2 467 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.15 [0.05, 0.41]