Table 4. Risk factors for tuberculosis among 953 infected contacts (close and frequent contacts) detected through contact tracing of sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Barcelona 2008–2016.
| Incident TB cases (n) | % TB risk at 5 years (95% CI) |
HR (CI95%) | aHR (CI95%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | <40 years | 10 | 2.4 (1.3–4.4) | 1 | 1 |
| ≥40 years | 4 | 1.1 (0.4–3.0) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 0.8 (0.5–1.5) | |
| Sex | Man | 4 | 1.1 (0.4–2.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Woman | 10 | 2.8 (1.5–5.2) | 3.0 (0.9–9.7) | 3.5 (1.1–11.3) | |
| Country of origin | Spain | 3 | 0.8 (0.3–2.4) | 1 | |
| Foreign-born | 11 | 3.0 (1.6–5.3) | 3.3 (0.9–11.8) | ||
| TST/IGRA Conversion | No | 12 | 1.8 (1.0–3.1) | 1 | |
| Yes | 2 | 2.6 (0.7–10.0) | 1.5 (0.3–6.8) | ||
| Smoking habit | No | 5 | 2.1 (1.1–4.1) | 1 | |
| Yes | 9 | 2.3 (0.9–5.3) | 1.1 (0.4–3.4) | ||
| DM | No | 12 | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) | 1 | |
| Yes | 2 | 4.1 (1.0–15.6) | 2.2 (0.5–10.0) | ||
| HIV infection | No | 14 | |||
| Yes | 0 | ||||
| Alcohol abuse | No | 14 | |||
| Yes | 0 | ||||
| Prescription and completion of LTBI treatment | Completers | 5 | 1.2 (0.5–2.9) | 1 | 1 |
| No prescription | 2 | 1.0 (0.3–4.0) | 0.9 (0.2–4.5) | 1.2 (0.2–6.3) | |
| Non-completers | 6 | 11.2 (5.1–23.3) | 9.8 (3.0–32.2) | 9.4 (2.9–30.8) | |
| Missing | 1 | 1.0 (0.1–6.8) | 1.0 (0.1–8.2) | 0.9 (0.1–7.7) |
HR: hazard ratio; aHR: hazard ratio adjusted by age, sex and prescription and completion of LTBI treatment and stratified by country of origin as proportional hazards assumption was not complied (N = 952); TST/IGRA conversion: tuberculin screen test conversion or IGRA seroconversion; DM: diabetes mellitus; LTBI: latent tuberculosis infection.