3. Risk of bias (arranged by intervention).

Name of studies	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Random sequence generation	Allocation concealment	Blinding of participants and health professionals	Blinding of outcome assessors	Attrition bias	Selective outcome reporting	For‐profit bias	Overall risk of bias
Belli 1998	Cyclosporine A plus glucocorticosteroids	Cyclosporine A	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear	High
Pageaux 2004	Cyclosporine A plus glucocorticosteroids	Cyclosporine A	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Low	Low	High	High
Masetti 2010	Everolimus	Cyclosporine A	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	Unclear	High
Sterneck 2000	Cyclosporine A plus mycophenolate plus glucocorticosteroids	Cyclosporine A plus azathioprine plus glucocorticosteroids	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	High	High
De Simone 2012	Tacrolimus plus everolimus	Intervention 1: Everolimus Intervention 2: Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High	High
Baiocchi 2006	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	High	Unclear	High
Cholongitas 2011	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Low	Low	High	High	Low	Low	Unclear	High
Fernandez‐Miranda 1998	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	High	Unclear	High
Fung 1991	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Low	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	High
Greig 2003	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High	High
Loinaz 2001	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Unclear	Low	Unclear	High
O'Grady 2002	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Low	Low	High	High	Low	Low	High	High
Shenoy 2008	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	High	High
Stegall 1997	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	Unclear	High
Zervos 1998	Cyclosporine A	Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Unclear	High
Chen 2002	Cyclosporine A plus azathioprine	Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	High	High	High
Jonas 2005	Cyclosporine A plus azathioprine	Tacrolimus	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High	High
Manousou 2014	Tacrolimus plus azathioprine	Tacrolimus	Low	Low	Unclear	Unclear	High	Low	High	High
Boudjema 2011	Tacrolimus plus mycophenolate plus glucocorticosteroids	Tacrolimus	Low	Low	High	High	Low	Low	Low	High
Asrani 2014	Tacrolimus plus sirolimus	Tacrolimus	Low	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High	High
Pham 1998	Cyclosporine A plus azathioprine plus glucocorticosteroids	Tacrolimus plus glucocorticosteroids	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	High	High	Unclear	High
Porayko 1994	Cyclosporine A plus azathioprine plus glucocorticosteroids	Tacrolimus plus glucocorticosteroids	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High	High
Martin 2004	Cyclosporine A plus glucocorticosteroids	Tacrolimus plus glucocorticosteroids	Low	Low	High	High	High	Low	High	High
Jain 2001	Tacrolimus plus mycophenolate plus glucocorticosteroids	Tacrolimus plus glucocorticosteroids	Low	Low	High	High	Low	Low	Unclear	High
Fisher 1998	Cyclosporine A plus mycophenolate	Tacrolimus plus mycophenolate	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High	High
Pelletier 2013	Tacrolimus plus mycophenolate plus glucocorticosteroids	Tacrolimus plus mycophenolate	Unclear	Unclear	High	High	Low	Low	High	High