Okuyemi 2013.
Methods | Study design: Randomized controlled trial Setting: 8 emergency homeless shelters and transitional housing units in Minneapolis/St Paul, Minnesota, USA Recruitment: through health fairs, staff informational sessions, fliers at homeless shelters and word of mouth |
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Participants | 430 homeless adult smokers; 75% men; av. age 44; cpd 19; motivated to quit | |
Interventions | Therapists: Counsellors 1. Control: Brief advice 10 ‐ 15 mins 2. Intervention: 6 x 15 ‐ 20‐min MI counselling sessions, baseline and wks 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 Pharmacotherapy: All participants in both groups received a 2‐wk supply of 21 mg nicotine patches, every 2 wks over the 8‐wk treatment period All participants received a health educational resource called The Power to Quit: A Quit Smoking Guide, developed by the project investigators |
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Outcomes | Abstinence at 6 m (7‐day PP) Validation: CO ≤ 10 ppm. Salivary cotinine ≤ 20 ng/ml if CO > 10 ppm for those who self‐reported abstinence |
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Notes | New for 2016 update | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Randomization schedule prepared by study statistician, but no detail given on how |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No details given |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Biochemical validation of abstinence |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Loss to follow‐up, 22% (48/216) I 29% (63/214) C, all treated as smokers in MA |