Acharya 2014.

Methods	Randomized controlled trial conducted in Dharan, Nepal
Participants	Number of infants: 126 Inclusion criteria: stable infants with birthweight < 2000 g admitted to the newborn nursery Exclusion criteria: neonates critically ill requiring ventilatory or ionotropic support or radiant warmer, neonates with chromosomal and life‐threatening congenital anomalies, neonates whose mothers were critically ill, and neonates whose mothers did not provide consent for enrollment into the study Infant stabilization status at trial entry: stabilized Infant age and weight at trial entry: Mean weight at recruitment was 1362 ± 240 g and 1452 ± 175 g for KMC and control infants, respectively. No data on infant age at recruitment
Interventions	KMC group: SSC between the mother's breasts in an upright position. Infants were dressed with diaper and a cap, and the mother's blouse covered the infant’s trunk and extremities but not the head. The duration of KMC was ≥ 6 hours per day in not more than 4 sittings, with each sitting lasting ≥ 1 hour. No data on total number of days that KMC was given after enrollment in the study (n = 63) Control group: Infants were adequately clothed, covered, and kept with their mother. If infants did not maintain temperature, they were kept under a radiant warmer (n = 63) Level of care: nursery of a tertiary care hospital Human resources: doctors and nurses Criteria for infant discharge from the hospital: unreported. However, it was mentioned that LBW infants were discharged when weight was > 1.600 g Scheme for follow‐up of infants after discharge: unreported
Outcomes	Gain in weight, length, and head circumference; hypothermia; apnea; hospital stay
Notes	87% of LBW infants met eligibility criteria
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Random number table
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No information provided
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Blinding of participants: no/unfeasible; blinding of clinical staff: no/unfeasible
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information provided
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No infants apparently lost to follow‐up
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All outcomes stated in Methods section adequately reported or explained in Results
Other bias	Low risk	Other biases not identified