Connor 2007.

Methods	STUDY DESIGN: unintended consequences, cohort study Risk of Bias: LOW
Participants	PROVIDERS: all physicians prescribing vancomycin PARTICIPANTS: 120 patients with vancomycin prescription approved for only 72 hours CLINICAL PROBLEM: interruption of vancomycin treatment SETTING: 1 hospital in the USA
Interventions	FORMAT, Interventions: reminders (circumstantial and physical) stickers in medical records on day 3 warning of impending stop order; restrictive: stop order if approval not obtained Intervention Functions: enablement, environmental restructuring, restriction DELIVERER: AMT COMPARISON: participants with and without sticker DESIRED CHANGE: decrease excessive
Outcomes	UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES: interruption of vancomycin treatment
Notes	ROBINS‐I RISK OF BIAS CRITERIA: 1. Confounding: Low, confounding unlikely 2. Selection of participants into the study: Low, selection into the study unrelated to intervention (sticker in notes) or outcome 3. Measurement classification of interventions: Low, intervention status well defined, recorded at the time of intervention and unaffected by knowledge of the outcome 4. Deviations from intended interventions: Low, the study was designed to detect intervention failure (no warning sticker) 5. Missing data: Low, outcome data and intervention status complete on all 120 participants 6. Measurement of outcome: Low, outcome measure objective and unaffected by intervention status 7. Selection of the reported result: Low, reported effect predefined FINANCIAL SUPPORT: Funding: none. Competing Interests: EL received research support from Merck Pharmaceuticals and Ortho‐McNeil Pharmaceuticals. All other authors reported no conflicts of interest.