Weinberg 2001.
| Methods | STUDY DESIGN: controlled ITS Risk of Bias: MEDIUM |
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| Participants | PROVIDERS: operating theatre teams at participating hospitals PARTICIPANGS: low‐income women needing C‐section CLINICAL PROBLEM: infection after C‐section SETTING: 2 hospitals in Colombia |
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| Interventions | FORMAT: Interventions: audit and feedback in the form of run charts for the 2 key process measures (secondary outcomes) with data collected and displayed by the clinical teams; dissemination of flow charts with revised system for administration of prophylactic antibiotics
Intervention Functions: education, enablement
DELIVERER: obstetric teams, doctors and nurses COMPARISON: physician choice about antibiotic and timing DESIRED CHANGE: reduce infection after C‐section TIMING: before clinical decision making; the intervention was continued for 2 years |
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| Outcomes | PRESCRIBING: Choice: percentage of women who received prophylaxis; percentage who received prophylaxis within 1 hour CLINICAL: Intended: SSI rate per 100 C‐sections |
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| Notes | INSTRUCTIONS: action plan provided, specific target but no specified time for target to be achieved FINANCIAL SUPPORT: Funding: International Society for Infectious Diseases, Paul Schliesman Memorial Traveling Fellowship, and the Von L. Meyer Award. Competing Interests: no information ADDITIONAL DATA: no response from authors to request for additional data |
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| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Intervention independent (ITS) ? | Low risk | Data collection method was the same pre‐ and postintervention. |
| Analysed appropriately (ITS) ? | Low risk | Done in original paper: segmented regression analysis |
| Shape of effect pre‐specified (ITS) ? | Low risk | Done, intended effect was decrease in primary outcome, and point of analysis was point of intervention. |
| Unlikely to affect data collection (ITS) ? | Low risk | Data collection method was the same pre‐ and postintervention. |
| Knowledge of the allocation adequately prevented(ITS)? | Low risk | Prescribing outcome data were from electronic systems. |
| Incomplete outcome data addressed (ITS) ? | Low risk | For prescribing outcome. Not stated whether SSI was evaluated in all patients |
| Free of selected reporting (ITS) ? | Low risk | For prescribing outcome. Not stated whether SSI was evaluated in all patients |
| Free of other bias (ITS) ? | High risk | < 1 year of data in each of the 3 study phases |