| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Haverkamp 1979 | Compared intermittent ausculation with continuous monitoring, which was not one of the included comparisons. |
| MacDonald 1985 | Compared intermittent ausculation with continuous monitoring, which was not one of the included comparisons. |
| Wood 1981 | Compared intermittent ausculation with continuous monitoring, which was not one of the included comparisons. |
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