Summary of findings 2. Bile acids versus no intervention for non‐alcohol related fatty liver disease.
| Bile acids versus no intervention for non‐alcohol related fatty liver disease | |||||
| Patient or population: participants with non‐alcohol related fatty liver disease (NAFLD) Settings: secondary or tertiary care Intervention: bile acids Control: no intervention | |||||
| Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | No of participants (trials) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | |
| Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | ||||
| No intervention | Bile acids | ||||
|
Mortality at maximal follow‐up Follow‐up: 1 to 18 months |
10 per 1000 | 49 per 1000 (2 to 520) |
OR 5.11 (0.24 to 107.34) |
659 (4 trials) |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ very low1,2,3 |
|
Serious adverse events (proportion) Follow‐up: 1 to 17 months |
64 per 1000 | 96 per 1000 (54 to 165) | OR 1.56 (0.84 to 2.88) | 404 (3 trials) | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ very low1,2,3 |
|
Serious adverse events (number of events) Follow‐up: 1 to 17 months |
101 per 1000 | 102 per 1000 (67 to 156) | Rate ratio 1.01 (0.66 to 1.54) | 404 (3 trials) | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ very low1,2,3 |
| Health‐related quality of life | None of the trials reported this outcome. | ||||
| *The basis for the assumed risk is the mean control group risk across studies, except for mortality at maximal follow‐up where there were no deaths; a control group proportion of 1% was used for mortality at maximal follow‐up. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio. | |||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate. | |||||
1 Downgraded one level for risk of bias because of the high risk of bias in the trial(s). 2 Downgraded one level for imprecision because of sample size. 3 Downgraded one level for imprecision because of wide confidence intervals.