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. 2017 Mar 28;2017(3):CD011648. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011648.pub2

Kanda 2003.

Methods Randomised clinical trial.
Participants Country: Japan.
Number randomised: 22.
Post‐randomisation dropouts: 0 (0%).
Revised sample size: 22.
Mean age: 56 years.
Females: 19 (86.4%).
Symptomatic participants: not stated.
AMA positive: not stated.
Responders: 0 (0%).
Mean follow‐up period (for all groups): minimum 7 months.
Inclusion criteria
  • Symptom status: not stated.

  • AMA status: not stated.

  • Response status: non‐responders only.


Other inclusion criteria
  • Treatment with UDCA for ≥ 6 months prior the study.

  • Prior compliance with UDCA therapy.


Exclusion criteria
  • Other chronic liver diseases or decompensated liver disease.

  • Previous colchicine, corticosteroid, or immunosuppressive treatment.

  • Thyroid or renal dysfunction.

Interventions Participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups.
Group 1: UDCA (low) + bezafibrate (n = 11).
Further details: UDCA: 600 mg/day for 6 months + bezafibrate: 400 mg/day for 52 weeks.
Group 2: UDCA (low) (n = 11).
Further details: UDCA: 600 mg/day for 6 months.
Outcomes Adverse events.
Notes  
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk Comment: information not available.
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Comment: information not available.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) 
 All outcomes Unclear risk Comment: information not available.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) 
 All outcomes Unclear risk Comment: information not available.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk Comment: no post‐randomisation dropouts.
Selective reporting (reporting bias) High risk Comment: mortality was not reported.
For‐profit bias Unclear risk Comment: information not available.
Other bias Low risk Comment: no other bias.