Liston 2000

Methods	Cross‐over group design Participants randomised to groups by the toss of a coin Allocation concealment not reported 17% drop outs at the end of the first treatment phase Blinding of outcome assessors to group allocation
Participants	10 participants allocated to the EXP then CTL order, and 8 participants allocated to the CTL then EXP order Inclusion criteria: higher level gait disorder; CT scan with large vessel infarct, basal ganglia and white matter lacunes, or extensive leukoaraiosis; discharged from all rehabilitation services; informed consent Exclusion criteria: severe cognitive impairment; significant physical impairments from other causes
Interventions	Treated as inpatients or outpatients for 3 x 1‐hour sessions per week for 4 weeks Treadmill training (EXP): participants walked on a treadmill for as long as they felt comfortable, rest breaks were allowed; no body weight support was provided using a harness Conventional physiotherapy (CTL): a schedule of 31 interventions in 3 treatment modules: gait ignition or failure, postural alignment and other
Outcomes	Assessed at baseline, at cross‐over (4 weeks), after treatment phase (at 8 weeks) and 6 weeks after final treatment: independent preferred walking speed over 10 m using a gait aid and supervision, if required walking step length walking cadence sit‐to‐stand test 1‐leg stand s‐test for walking ADL‐oriented assessment of mobility Nottingham Extended ADL Scale
Notes	The rating of drop outs was changed based on correspondence from the trialist Trial treated as a parallel‐group design for this review by using the first treatment phase data only (that is baseline and cross‐over data only)
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	By the toss of a coin
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	Not reported
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Blinding of outcome assessors to group allocation