| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Aschbacher 2006 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Bayat 2005 | Described only a single‐session application of treadmill training |
| Bleckert 2006 | Both groups received treadmill training and differed only in the speed of the treadmill |
| Blennerhassett 2004 | Irrelevant intervention: circuit class training |
| Borsje 2003 | Correspondence with the author revealed that the trial was abandoned |
| Brissot 2006 | Investigated electromechanically assisted gait training |
| Caldwell 2000 | Correspondence with the author revealed that the trial was abandoned after the recruitment of only 5 participants (each allocated to 1 of 3 treatment groups) |
| Daly 2004 | Both groups received treadmill training; the parameter that was experimentally manipulated was electrical stimulation |
| Daly 2011 | Both groups received treadmill training and differed only by means of functional electrical stimulation |
| Dean 2000 | Irrelevant intervention: circuit class training |
| DEGAS 2007 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Dias 2007 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| English 2007 | Irrelevant intervention: circuit class training |
| Fisher 2008 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Forrester 2004 | Evaluated a single treatment session, not a full course of treatment |
| Freivogel 2009 | Mixed population of patients with traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and stroke; only 2 out of 16 included patient had a stroke |
| Globokar 2005 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Hidler 2009 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Hornby 2008 | Irrelevant intervention: robotic device training |
| Husemann 2007 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Jang 2005 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Jeong 2008 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Khanna 2003 | Correspondence with the author revealed that the trial was abandoned before the commencement of recruitment |
| Kim 2001 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Kim 2008 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Kovrazhkina 2009 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Kwakkel 1999 | Correspondence with the author revealed that less than 20% of participants in the EXP group participated in treadmill training (i.e. only 6 out of 31 participants) |
| Langhammer 2000 | Correspondence with the author revealed that treadmill training (with or without body weight support) was not used in either group |
| Langhammer 2007 | Less than 20% of participants in the EXP group received treadmill training |
| Lau 2010 | Both groups received treadmill training which differed only by speed |
| Lindquist 2011 | Quasi‐experimental study, without randomisation |
| Macko 2006 | Both groups received treadmill training which differed only by duration and speed |
| Mayr 2007 | EXP group used an electromechanical device on a treadmill |
| Mayr 2008 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| McCain 2008 | Not a RCT |
| Nielsen 2007 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Pang 2010 | Not a RCT |
| Park 2012 | Both groups received treadmill training and differed only in the setting (underwater treadmill versus overground treadmill) |
| Peurala 2005 | Did not use treadmill training |
| Peurala 2009 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Ploughman 2008 | Evaluation of a single treatment session |
| Rimmer 2000 | Correspondence with the author revealed that only one‐third of participants in the EXP group participated in treadmill training |
| Salbach 2004 | Irrelevant intervention: circuit class training |
| Saltuari 2004 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Schwartz 2009 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Shafshak 2012 | All groups received treadmill training with partial body weight support: the parameter that was experimentally manipulated was upper limb swinging |
| Sullivan 2002 | All groups received treadmill training with partial body weight support; the parameter that was experimentally manipulated was treadmill speed |
| Tong 2006 | Irrelevant intervention: electromechanical device training |
| Trueblood 2001 | A non‐random process was used to allocate participants to groups in Part II and Part III Participants chose which treatment they would receive |
| Tsai 2004 | All groups received treadmill training (without partial body weight support); the parameters that were experimentally manipulated were walking direction and treadmill slope |
| Tsang 2012 | Irrelevant outcome: echocardiography |
| Werner 2002b | Both groups received treadmill training with body weight support; the parameter that was experimentally manipulated was 'conventional' physiotherapy gait training |
| Westlake 2009 | Used robot‐assisted training (Lokomat) |
| Yagura 2006 | Both groups received treadmill training with body weight support; the parameter that was experimentally manipulated was therapeutic facilitation |
| Yang 2008 | Both groups received treadmill training and differed only by the EXP group receiving virtual reality as well |
EXP: experimental RCT: randomised controlled trial