| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Alzoubi 2012 | Sample population did not have a diagnosis of MCI or AD |
| Anand 2011 | Sample population did not have a diagnosis of MCI or AD |
| Biesalski 2010 | Review |
| Bittner 2009 | Retrospective design |
| Brewer 2010 | Review |
| Carlsson 2002 | Sample population did not have a diagnosis of MCI or AD |
| Chan 2008‐2009 | Used a nutriceutical formulation and there was no placebo |
| Chan 2010 | Used a nutriceutical formulation. Placebo was just inert ingredients |
| Clarke 2003 | Vitamin E was used in conjunction with vitamin C It examined the association of cognitive impairment with platelet activation and reactive oxygen species and total homocysteine levels |
| Cornelli 2010 | Used a nutriceutical formulation, not vitamin E separately |
| Dysken 2009 | No vitamin E intervention, just a questionnaire |
| Geldmacher 2011 | Pioglitazone was the primary intervention. Placebo was administered alongside vitamin E |
| Guan 2012 | The study did not have relevant outcome measures |
| Gutierrez 2009 | Sample population did not have a diagnosis of MCI or AD |
| Jacoby 2002 | Pilot study, compared aspirin to vitamin E (600 mg) in conjunction with vitamin C and placebo |
| Jae 2006 | Vitamin E intervention given to healthy elderly women |
| Joshi 2012 | Review |
| Kamat 2008 | Literature review about antioxidants |
| Kesse‐Guyot 2011 | Sample population did not have a diagnosis of MCI or AD |
| Kesse‐Guyot 2011a | Sample population did not have a diagnosis of MCI or AD |
| Lee 2010 | Literature review about antioxidants |
| Lott 2011 | Sample population had a diagnosis of Down's syndrome and dementia |
| Lu 2009 | Focus of intervention was towards depressed vs. non‐depressed MCI population |
| MacPherson 2012 | Sample population did not have a diagnosis of MCI or AD |
| Mecocci 2012 | Review |
| Onofrj 2002 | Vitamin E compared to donepezil not placebo |
| Pavlik 2009 | Retrospective in nature. No controls or placebo group |
| Pribis 2012 | Did not use vitamin E as an intervention |
| Péneau 2011 | Not a randomised double‐blinded study; investigated the intake of fruits and vegetables |
| Remington 2009 | Used a nutriceutical formulation and the placebo was inert |
| Schmitt 2009 | Used a healthy population |
| Schneider 2009 | Same data as Petersen 2005 |
| Takahashi 2009 | Case study, no placebo and no controls |
| Usoro 2010 | Review |
| Vinyoles‐Bargallo 2010 | Not an original paper, just a personal comment |
| Whitehair 2010 | Same data as Petersen 2005 |
AD: Alzhimer's dementia; MCI: mild cognitive impairment.