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. 2016 Nov 4;2016(11):CD004786. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004786.pub5

Comparison 1. Maintenance fluids versus restricted fluids.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Death 2   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
1.1 All participants 2 407 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.82 [0.53, 1.27]
1.2 Participants with hyponatraemia 1 26 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.15 [0.01, 2.50]
1.3 Participants without hyponatraemia 1 24 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.79 [0.16, 3.90]
2 Severe neurological sequelae 2   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
2.1 Acute (within the first 4 weeks) 2 407 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.67 [0.41, 1.08]
2.2 Chronic (after the first 4 weeks) 1 351 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.42 [0.20, 0.89]
2.3 Participants without hyponatraemia 1 24 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.59 [0.13, 2.64]
2.4 Participants with hyponatraemia 1 26 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.91 [0.34, 2.47]
3 Mild to moderate neurological sequelae 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
3.1 At 14 days 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
4 Hemiparesis/hemiplegia 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.1 At 14 days 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
5 Spasticity 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
5.1 At 14 days 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
6 Seizures 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
6.1 Within the first 72 hours 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
6.2 At 14 days 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
7 Visual impairment 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
7.1 At 14 days 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
8 No response to sound 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
8.1 At 14 days 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
9 Oedema 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
9.1 Acute facial oedema 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
9.2 Acute pulmonary oedema 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
9.3 Acute hydrocephalus 1   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
10 Total body water ‐ fall after 48 hours 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
10.1 Participants without hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
10.2 Participants with hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
11 Extracellular water ‐ fall after 48 hours 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
11.1 Participants without hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
11.2 Participants with hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
12 Serum sodium 2   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
12.1 All participants (24 hours) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
12.2 Participants with hyponatraemia (48 hours) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
12.3 Participants without hyponatraemia (48 hours) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
12.4 Change from baseline at 48 hours ‐ without hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
12.5 Change from baseline at 48 hours ‐ with hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
13 Urinary sodium 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
13.1 Participants without hyponatraemia (48 hours) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
13.2 Participants with hyponatraemia (48 hours) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
13.3 Change from baseline at 48 hours ‐ without hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
13.4 Change from baseline at 48 hours ‐ with hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
14 Plasma osmolality ‐ change after 48 hours 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
14.1 Participants without hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
14.2 Participants with hyponatraemia 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]