| Methods |
|
| Participants |
|
| Interventions |
|
| Outcomes |
|
| Notes |
See Table 8
|
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
"Patients were randomized into three groups." Method of randomisation not described. |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
"The research team consisted of a nonblinded member who randomized participants and administered the intervention" Allocation concealment not described. |
| Blinding (performance bias and detection bias)
Subjective outcomes |
Low risk |
"An external power switch was connected to the opaque box and power was temporarily turned off before each OAA/S was determined to assure blindness of the outcomes assessor". |
| Blinding (performance bias and detection bias)
Objective outcomes |
Low risk |
"Vital signs [...], propofol consumption, and OAA/S score were documented every 5 min by the blinded researcher". |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes |
Unclear risk |
Withdrawals and drop‐outs, and missing data not described. |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
Unclear risk |
Unknown if selective outcome reporting. |
| Protection from contamination? |
Low risk |
Individuals allocated to groups and all wore headphones. |
