Study	Reason for exclusion
Carretero 2008	Not a RCT
Chidini 2010	Not a RCT
Codazzi 2006	Not a RCT
Essouri 2008	Not a RCT
Katz 2004	Not a RCT
Linney 1997	Not a RCT
Padman 2004	Not a RCT
Palombini 2004	Not a RCT
Prado 2005	Not a RCT
Rodriguez 2002	RCT of CPAP for post‐extubation laryngitis. The patients did not have hypoxaemic respiratory failure
Samuels 1989	Not a RCT
Sanabria 2008	Randomised trial of 2 methods of CPAP
Shime 2006	Not a RCT
Stucki 2009	Not a RCT
Thia 2007	RCT of CPAP versus standard treatment in children with bronchiolitis but the inclusion criteria included mild hypercapnia. There was no hypoxaemic respiratory failure
Thill 2004	RCT but children included in the study did not meet the criteria for acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure specified a priori for this review

CPAP = continuous positive extrathoracic pressure RCT = randomised controlled trial