Summary of findings 2. Yoga versus psychosocial/educational interventions for women with diagnosed breast cancer.
| Yoga versus psychosocial/educational interventions for women with diagnosed breast cancer | ||||
| Patient or population: women with diagnosed breast cancer Settings: inpatient and outpatient facilities Intervention: yoga Comparison: psychosocial/educational interventions | ||||
| Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) | Number of participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments |
| Corresponding risk | ||||
| Yoga vs psychosocial/educationalinterventions | ||||
| Health‐related quality of life (short‐term) Self‐assessed questionnaires Follow‐up: 6 weeks | Mean health‐related quality of life in intervention groups was 0.81 standard deviations higher (0.5 lower to 2.12 higher) | 153 (2 studies) | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very lowa,b,c,d | SMD 0.81 (95% CI ‐0.50 to 2.12) |
| Depression (short‐term) Self‐assessed questionnaires Follow‐up: 6‐12 weeks | Mean depression in intervention groups was 2.29 standard deviations lower (3.97 to 0.61 lower) | 226 (4 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ Moderatec | SMD ‐2.29 (95% CI ‐3.97 to ‐0.61) |
| Anxiety (short‐term) Self‐assessed questionnaires Follow‐up: 6 weeks | Mean anxiety in intervention groups was 2.21 standard deviations lower (3.9 to 0.52 lower) | 195 (3 studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,c | SMD ‐2.21 (95% CI ‐3.90 to ‐0.52) |
| Fatigue (short‐term) Self‐assessed questionnaires Follow‐up: 6‐12 weeks | Mean fatigue in intervention groups was 0.90 standard deviations lower (1.31 to 0.5 lower) | 106 (2 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ Moderatec | SMD ‐0.90 (95% CI ‐1.31 to ‐0.50) |
| Sleep disturbances (short‐term) Self‐assessed questionnaires Follow‐up: 6‐12 weeks | Mean sleep disturbances in intervention groups were 0.21 standard deviations lower (0.76 lower to 0.34 higher) | 119 (2 studies) | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very lowb,c,d | SMD ‐0.21 (95% CI ‐0.76 to 0.34) |
| *The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. median control group risk across studies) is provided in footnotes. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; SMD: standardised mean difference. | ||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence. High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate. | ||||
aDowngraded one level because of overall unclear risk of bias. bDowngraded one level because of widely differing estimates of the treatment effect. cDowngraded one level because fewer than 400 participants were included in the total. dDowngraded two levels because the 95% confidence interval includes no effect.