Beattie 2000.

Methods	Randomised controlled trial. Duration 10 weeks.
Participants	Adults (n = 109, men and women) resuming oral food intake after surgery. BMI < 20 kg/m2, TSF or MAMC <15th percentile or > 5% weight loss. Mean (SD) age dietary advice group 62.4 years (10.9 years) and in dietary advice and supplement group 54.4 years (19.4 years). 101 completed study, 5 dropouts in routine nutritional management group and 3 in supplement group.
Interventions	Routine nutritional management (n = 54) or routine nutritional management and 400 ml of a 1.5 kcal/ml nutritional supplement (n = 55).
Outcomes	Survival*, weight*, BMI*, MAMC*, TSF*, handgrip strength*, complication rate, wound infection, chest infection, antibiotic use, QOL.
Notes	Routine nutritional management provided by more than one dietitian and not described in the paper. Information on quality obtained from authors.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Randomisation was performed using a computer generated list of random numbers.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	The allocation was not concealed physically but the list of numbers was not consulted until the participant was recruited.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Clinical outcomes	High risk	The paper states that assessments were not blinded to treatment.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Functional outcomes	High risk	The paper states that assessments were not blinded to treatment.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Nutritional outcomes	High risk	The paper states that assessments were not blinded to treatment.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	5 dropouts (2 lost to follow‐up, 3 required artificial nutritional support) in routine nutritional management group and 3 (1 transferred to intensive care unit, 2 required artificial nutritional support) in supplement group.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All outcomes are reported and data for analysis were extracted from the paper. Additional information on study quality obtained from authors.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Baseline variables provided, but groups not similar ‐ group receiving advice plus supplements was younger than the advice only group. Routine nutritional management provided by more than one dietitian and not described in the paper.