Forli 2001.

Methods	Randomised controlled trial. Duration 10‐18 days.
Participants	Adults (n = 37, 18 men and 19 women, dietary advice and supplement group, mean age 49 years (range 44 ‐ 53); and no advice group, mean age 48 years range (44 ‐ 52)) with end‐stage lung disease awaiting transplantation. All patients malnourished defined as BMI <18.7 kg/m2. 2 participants withdrew from each group.
Interventions	Dietary advice to take an energy‐rich diet and supplements if wanted (n = 20) versus normal hospital diet (n = 22).
Outcomes	Survival*, weight*, BMI, TSF*, MAMC*, MUAC*, respiratory function*.
Notes	Additional data and information on quality obtained from authors.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Described in the paper as using random number tables.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Allocation concealment is not described.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Clinical outcomes	Low risk	Stated in the paper as assessed blind to intervention group.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Functional outcomes	Low risk	Stated in the paper as assessed blind to intervention group.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Nutritional outcomes	High risk	All assessments of nutritional status performed by the study dietitian who was not blinded to intervention group.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	2 participants withdrew from each group, the reasons for withdrawals are clearly stated.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Data not reported for clinical and functional outcomes but stated as not significantly different. Data on weight reported as median change with no SD, therefore mean change (SD) obtained from author. Data on energy intake reported as median intake kj/kg therefore obtained from authors.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Baseline variables given, but one assessment of lung function was significantly different.