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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Comp Neurol. 2019 Jan 25;527(10):1654–1674. doi: 10.1002/cne.24605

TABLE 1.

Pial and subpial ILA presence in mammalian species analyzed. Highlighted in red are the species where proper subpial ILA are present

Pial ILA
Subpial ILA
Infraclass Order Suborder Parvorder Family Species D V D V
Metatheria (marsupials)
Diprotodontia Macropodidae Macropus parma No r No No
Macropus rufus No r No No
Didelphi-morphia Didelphidae Monodelphis domestica No r No No
Eutheria (Placentals)
Xenarthra Megalonychidae Choloepus didactylus r Yes r r
Myrmecophagidae Myrmecophaga tridactyla r - No -
Hyracoidea Procaviidae Procavia capensis Yes Yes r r
Proboscidea Elephantidae Loxodonta africana Yes Yes No r
Rodentia Myomorpha Muridae Mus Musculus r r No r
Rattus norvegicus r r No r
Muroidea Cricetidae Microtus orchogaster r r No No
Scandentia Tupaiidae Tupaia belangeri r Yes r r
Primates Strepsirrhini Cheirogaleidae Cheirogaleus medius Yes Yes r r
Lorisidae Perodicticus potto Yes Yes r r
Lemuridae Lemur catta Yes Yes r r
Tarsiiformes Tarsiidae Tarsius bancanus Yes Yes r r
Haplorhini, Platyrrhini Atelidae Alouatta Caraya Yes Yes Yes Yes
Pitheciidae Pithecia Pithecia Yes Yes r Yes
Callitrichidae Cebuella pygmaea Yes Yes r r
Saguinus imperator Yes Yes r r
Haplorhini, Catarhhini Cercopithecidae Cercocebus agilis Yes - Yes -
Cercopithecus kandti Yes Yes r Yes
Erythrocebus patas Yes Yes r Yes
Mandrillus sphynx Yes Yes Yes Yes
Macaca fascicularis Yes Yes r Yes
Macaca Mulatta Yes Yes r Yes
Chlorocebus pygerythrus Yes Yes r Yes
Papio Ursinus Yes Yes Yes Yes
Hominidae Gorilla Gorilla Yes Yes Yes Yes
Hylobates muelleri Yes Yes Yes Yes
Pan Paniscus Yes Yes Yes Yes
Pan Troglodytes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Pongo pygmaeus Yes Yes Yes Yes
Homo Sapiens Yes - Yes -
Chiroptera Micro-chiroptera Phyllostomidae Carollia perspicillata r Yes No r
Glossophaga soricina r Yes No r
Mega-chiroptera Pteropodidae Epomops franqueti r Yes No r
Megaloglossus woermanni r Yes No No
Rousettus aegyptiacus r Yes No r
Eulipotyphla Erinaceidae Atelerix Frontalis No p No No
Carnivora Feliformia Felidae Felis Catus r Yes r r
Panthera Tigris r Yes No r
Musteloidea Mustelidae Mustela putorius r Yes r r
Caniformia Ailuridae Ailurus Fulgens r Yes No r
Artiodactyla Ruminantia Bovidae Ovis Aries r - No -
Whippo-morpha Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus amphibius No r No r
Cetacea Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera acutorostrata r Yes No No
Phocoenidae Phocoena phocoena r Yes No r

D = dorsal; V = ventral; r = rudimentary.