Table 3.
Relationship between depressed mood and back pain after adjusting for age and gender.
| Risk factor | Upper back pain | Lower back pain | Both back pain | Upper or lower |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Female gender | 0.74 (0.36–1.57) | 0.74 (0.41–1.31) | 0.51 (0.25–1.02) | 1.59 (0.13–3.57) |
| Age (ref 21–30 years) | ||||
| 31–40 years | 0.78 (0.36–1.69) | 0.87 (0.47–1.61) | 1.61)0.77–3.35) | 3.85 (0.28–5.63) |
| Above 40 years | 0.71 (0.28–1.81) | 0.69 (0.34–1.43) | 2.33 (0.99–3.52) | 1.68 (0.99–2.45) |
| Profession: academics | 0.85 (0.42–1.72) | 1.52 (0.88–2.60) | 0.67 (0.36–1.27) | 0.15 (0.16–1.44) |
| Depressed mooda | 1.96 (0.96–3.97) | 1.33 (1.19–1.58) | 2.33 (1.25–4.34) | 2.28 (1.22–2.56) |
a
Depressed mood was initially categorized as “not at all: 0” to “extremely depressed 5” but was dichotomized as “No” vs. “Yes.” Bold values represent significant at 0.05.