Table S1. The Naranjo scale questions and judgment standard.
| Questions | Yes | No | Don’t know |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Are there previous conclusive reports on this reaction? | +1 | 0 | 0 |
| 2. Did the adverse event appear after the suspected drug was administered? | +2 | −1 | 0 |
| 3. Did the adverse reaction improve when the drug was discontinued or a specific antagonist was administered? | +1 | 0 | |
| 4. Did the adverse reaction reappear when the drug was re-administered? | +2 | −1 | 0 |
| 5. Are there alternative causes (other than the drug) that could on their own have caused the reaction? | −1 | +2 | 0 |
| 6. Did the reaction reappear when a placebo was given? | −1 | +1 | 0 |
| 7. Was the drug detected in the blood (or other fluids) in concentrations known to be toxic? | +1 | 0 | 0 |
| 8. Was the reaction more severe when the dose was increased, or less severe when the dose was decreased? | +1 | 0 | 0 |
| 9. Did the patient have a similar reaction to the same or similar drugs in any previous exposure? | +1 | 0 | 0 |
| 10. Was the adverse event confirmed by any objective evidence? | +1 | 0 | 0 |
Scoring: ≥9: definite ADR; 5–8: probable ADR; 1–4: possible ADR; 0: doubtful ADR. ADR, adverse drug reaction.