Table 1. Patient demographics.
| Characters | Pre-ERAS, n (%) | Post-ERAS, n (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of patients, N | 412 | 214 | NA |
| Age, mean (SD) | 50.5 (19.0) | 55.3 (20.5) | 0.02 |
| Gender, female | 135 (32.8) | 129 (60.3) | 0.5 |
| Morbidity | 0.1 | ||
| ASA 1 (no disturbance) | 81 (19.9) | 53 (24.8) | |
| ASA 2 (mild/moderate) | 114 (27.7) | 43 (20.1) | |
| ASA 3 (severe) | 149 (36.2) | 73 (34.1) | |
| ASA 4 (life threatening) | 63 (15.3) | 43 (20.1) | |
| ASA 5 (moribund) | 4 (0.9) | 2 (1.0) | |
| Preoperative low back pain visual analogue scale (VAS), mean (SD) | 6.3 (3.0) | 6.8 (2.6) | 0.2 |
| Preoperative leg pain VAS, mean (SD) | 5.8 (3.6) | 6.9 (3.3) | 0.003 |
| Preoperative core outcome measures index (COMI-back) score, mean (SD) | 7.1 (2.4) | 7.5 (2.1) | 0.25 |
| Smoking | 36 (8.7) | 8 (3.7) | 0.001 |
| Body mass index | 0.03 | ||
| <20 | 35 (8.5) | 19 (8.9) | |
| 20–25 | 106 (25.7) | 39 (18.2) | |
| 26–30 | 143 (34.7) | 77 (36.0) | |
| 31–35 | 61 (14.8) | 39 (18.2) | |
| >35 | 19 (4.6) | 15 (7.0) | |
| Unknown | 48 (11.7) | 24 (11.2) | |
| Number of levels of intervention | 0.02 | ||
| 1 level | 173 (42.0) | 94 (43.9) | |
| 2 levels | 29 (7.0) | 29 (13.6) | |
| 3 o more | 210 (51.0) | 91 (42.5) | |
| Surgery complications | 28 (6.8) | 13 (6.1) | 0.4 |
| Post-operative complications before discharged | 20 (4.9) | 7 (3.3) | 0.25 |
| Previous surgeries | 131 (31.8) | 62 (29.0) | 0.7 |
| Same level previous surgeries | 104 (25.2) | 50 (23.4) | 0.5 |
ERAS, enhanced recovery after surgery.