Table 3.

Perceived barriers to clinicians using health coaching as reported by health coach trainers.

	Barrier
Clinician	Strong identification with expert role Perception of already delivering person-centred care Concerns about increasing length of consultation, decreased control and managing clinical risk More emotional investment required
Patient	‘Expect to be fixed’ and devalue own resources and potential for change More psychological effort required in recognising reality Threat to potential secondary gains associated with being unwell
System	Structure – working in silos, more demand than capacity Competing priorities – increasing workloads, fire-fighting, short-term thinking, change fatigue System instability – reorganisation and recommissioning Primacy – person-centred care skills not prioritised, not measured routinely and poorly resourced