. 2019 Mar 22;9(3):110. doi: 10.3390/ani9030110

Table 3.

The effect of dietary Ca level on egg quality of laying White King pigeons.

Item			Ca Supplemental Level (%)						SEM	p-Value
Item			3.00	2.40	1.80	1.20	0.90	0.60	SEM	ANOVA	Linear	Quadratic
8 w	Eggshell percentage (%)		7.42	7.46	7.56	7.61	8.11	8.09	0.698	0.091	0.004	0.591
	Albumen percentage (%)		71.70 ^a	68.43 ^b	69.51 ^ab	68.01 ^b	69.25 ^b	68.46 ^b	2.395	0.025	0.025	0.080
	Yolk percentage (%)		20.56	21.38	19.30	20.15	21.33	21.28	1.448	0.119	0.269	0.087
	Egg shape index		1.33	1.35	1.34	1.36	1.34	1.38	0.049	0.323	0.096	0.812
	Eggshell color	L*	88.42	87.41	87.86	87.48	87.32	87.31	1.744	0.637	0.172	0.606
		a*	−0.22	−0.43	−0.20	−0.44	−0.37	−0.59	0.352	0.071	0.026	0.420
		b*	2.53	2.41	2.17	2.41	1.33	1.55	1.535	0.343	0.044	0.704
	Eggshell thickness (mm)		0.263 ^a	0.228 ^b	0.232 ^b	0.226 ^b	0.225 ^b	0.226 ^b	0.019	0.000	0.000	0.000
	Eggshell strength (kg/cm²)		1.105	1.111	1.126	1.137	1.100	1.066	0.142	0.934	0.563	0.379
	Yolk color (RYCF)		4.30	4.70	4.56	4.00	4.60	4.18	0.101	0.304	0.477	0.621
	Albumen height (mm)		3.07 ^a	2.60 ^abc	2.81 ^ac	2.80 ^abc	2.28 ^b	2.45 ^bc	0.634	0.055	0.012	0.862
	Haugh unit		71.99 ^a	69.08 ^abc	69.76 ^ac	69.86 ^abc	63.94 ^b	64.69 ^bc	6.893	0.038	0.003	0.656
16 w	Eggshell percentage (%)		8.14 ^bc	8.51 ^ab	7.92 ^c	8.16 ^bc	8.34 ^abc	8.91 ^a	0.655	0.028	0.047	0.040
	Albumen percentage (%)		72.07 ^ab	71.16 ^bc	73.14 ^a	72.28 ^ab	70.56 ^c	70.63 ^c	1.515	0.011	0.011	0.048
	Yolk percentage (%)		20.13 ^a	23.07 ^b	22.61 ^b	24.01 ^b	22.41 ^ab	22.63 ^b	2.383	0.043	0.078	0.018
	Egg shape index		1.23 ^a	1.36 ^ab	1.33 ^ab	1.37 ^ab	1.38 ^ab	1.41 ^ab	0.105	0.001	0.000	0.299
	Eggshell color	L*	87.77	87.05	88.51	88.36	86.90	87.34	1.658	0.258	0.532	0.183
		a*	−0.27	−0.37	−0.12	−0.30	−0.48	−0.53	0.329	0.266	0.042	0.212
		b*	3.86	1.68	2.52	2.78	2.14	3.19	1.894	0.104	0.721	0.106
	Eggshell thickness (mm)		0.236 ^a	0.224 ^b	0.226 ^abc	0.221 ^bc	0.210 ^c	0.214 ^bc	0.016	0.002	0.000	0.556
	Eggshell strength (kg/cm²)		1.140	1.174	1.257	1.185	1.079	1.081	0.180	0.473	0.195	0.157
	Yolk color (RYCF)		4.40 ^b	4.25 ^b	3.33 ^c	4.00 ^bc	5.00 ^a	4.50 ^ab	0.099	0.001	0.034	0.006
	Albumen height (mm)		3.04 ^a	2.70 ^abc	2.88 ^ac	2.57 ^abc	2.16 ^b	2.45 ^bc	0.571	0.034	0.005	0.660
	Haugh unit		71.37 ^a	68.88 ^ac	69.77 ^ac	67.55 ^abc	63.26 ^b	66.07 ^bc	5.113	0.028	0.003	0.731

Different letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). RYCF is the abbreviation of regression between Roche yolk color fan.