Analysis of the vascular defects in mouse and human lungs. (A–F) Analysis of the vascular defects in P3 Fgf10+/− versus Fgf10+/+ control lungs in HOX. (A) IHC for vWF and α-SMA of (a, b) Fgf10+/+ and (c, d) Fgf10+/− lungs between NOX (Fgf10+/+ n = 6, Fgf10+/− n = 3) and HOX (n = 4 each). (B) Total vessel count in NOX between P3 Fgf10+/+ and Fgf10+/− lungs. (C) Blood vessel muscularization in NOX between Fgf10+/+ and Fgf10+/− lungs for blood vessels at (a) 10–20 μm, (b) 20–70 μm, (c) 70–150 μm and (d) >150 μm. (D) Total vessel count between NOX and HOX in (a) Fgf10+/+ and (b) Fgf10+/− lungs. (E) Total vessel count in HOX between P3 Fgf10+/+ and Fgf10+/− lungs. (F) Blood vessel muscularization in HOX between Fgf10+/+ and Fgf10+/− control lungs for blood vessels at (a) 10–20 μm, (b) 20–70 μm, (c) 70–150 μm and (d) >150 μm. Scale: Aa–d, 20 μm. (G) Immunofluorescence for FGF10, SFTPC, PECAM and ACTA2 in lungs of BPD (n = 4) versus control non-BPD (n = 2) patients. (a, b) FGF10 expression, (c, d) mature-SFTPC expression, (e, f) PECAM expression and (g, h) ACTA2 expression. Scale bars A–F: 100 μm, insets in (A–F): 25 μm.