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. 2019 Mar 15;16(6):937. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16060937

Table 6.

Design of studies within educational impacts 1.

Design Personal Development Inter Personal Development Educational Motivation & Achievements Cognitive Aspects to Improve Learning Environmental Aspects
Overall 33 22 6 9 18
Meta 0 0 0 0 0
RCT 0 1 0 4 0
Case Control 8 2 1 2 2
Longitudinal 4 4 0 1 4
Cross-sectional 1 0 0 1 1
Qualitative data 2 15 11 3 0 6
Literature reviews 3 5 4 2 1 5

1 Studies may refer to one or more impacts, therefore the total sum can be higher than the number of studies within the overall impact category; 2 Qualitative studies include evaluations of case studies or interventions with qualitative research methods and expert opinion based on field experience; 3 Literature reviews are not based upon empirical data.