| ANC | Antenatal care |
| APOs | Adverse pregnant outcomes |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| GW | Gestational weeks |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| HBV | Hepatitis B virus |
| OR | Odds ratio |
| PMTCT | Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission |
| USA | United States of America |
| STI | Sexually transmitted infection |
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