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. 2019 Mar 6;9(3):24. doi: 10.3390/bs9030024

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Morris water maze was used to assess for memory (postoperative day 1). (a) Time to reach the platform (latency); (b) time spent in the disc zone; (c) distance swum to reach the platform; and (d) speed of swimming. Sham-operated mice (PA-POD1) spent less time to reach the platform, and more time in the disc zone compared to mice that underwent surgery (PB-POD1 and M-POD1). PB-POD1 travelled more distance to reach the platform compared to the other two groups, with no significant differences in the speed of swimming between the three groups. Data shown as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.