Figure 4.

Expression of cytokines/chemokines in BEAS-2B after exposure to spores and hyphal fragments from A. fumigatus and P. chrysogenum. Cells were exposed to three different concentrations (10, 50 and 100 µg dry weight/mL) of X-ray treated aerosolized spores and hyphal fragments for 6 h. Medium blanks were included as control. Expression of IL-α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were measured with real-time RT-PCR. Bars represent mean ± SEM of 4–5 independent experiments. Statistical analyses were performed by two-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-tests on log transformed data. Significant difference compared to the control denoted by * p < 0.05.