Table 1.
Cohort demographics, HIV disease and treatment specifics, and CVD risk factors among PWH prescribed ART
| Covariate | All participants (n=458)a | Participants with hypertension (n=106)b | Participants with diabetes (n=26)c |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (female, n (%)) | 356 (78%) | 71 (67%) | 22 (85%) |
| Age (years, median (IQR)) | 38 (33 to 44) | 44 (38 to 47) | 43 (38 to 52) |
| Race (Black African, n (%)) | 448 (98%) | 101 (95%) | 23 (88%) |
| Monthly income (rand, median, (IQR)) | 2400 (1440 to 3500) | 2000 (1450 to 3500) | 2000 (1450 to 3000) |
| HIV disease and treatment specifics | |||
| Current CD4 cell count (/μL, median (IQR)) | 466 (317 to 638) | 458 (315 to 631) | 673 (316 to 774) |
| Nadir CD4 cell count (/μL, median (IQR)) | 205 (122 to 312) | 210 (147 to 312) | 173 (107 to 351) |
| Time on ART (years, median (IQR)) | 4 (2 to 7) | 5 (2 to 8) | 5 (3 to 8) |
| Type of ART (non‐PI‐based regimen, %) | 398 (87%) | 96 (91%) | 23 (88%) |
| Type of ART (PI‐based regimen, %) | 60 (13%) | 10 (9%) | 3 (12%) |
| History of never stopping ART (n, %) | 381 (83%) | 90 (85%) | 21 (81%) |
| ≥90% adherent to ART (n, %) | 193 (93%) | 47 (94%) | 13 (100%) |
| TB disease and treatment specifics | |||
| Previously treated for TB (n, %) | 191 (42%) | 43 (41%) | 12 (46%) |
| Currently treated for TB (n, %) | 15 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 1 (4%) |
| Time on treatment (months, median (IQR)) | 3 (2 to 5) | 2.5 (2 to 3) | 5 (5 to 5) |
| CVD risk factors | |||
| Blood pressure | |||
| Systolic (mmHg, median (IQR)) | 120 (109 to 132) | 140 (134 to 148) | 129 (116 to 133) |
| Diastolic (mmHg, median (IQR)) | 79 (71 to 86) | 93 (90 to 100) | 81 (77 to 85) |
| Blood glucose | |||
| Fasting (mmol/L, median (IQR)) | 5.2 (4.8 to 5.9) | 5.5 (5.2 to 6.0) | 8.2 (7.1 to 8.8) |
| Random (mmol/L, median (IQR)) | 5.7 (5.2 to 6.4) | 5.8 (5.1 to 6.7) | 14.2 (10.9 to 20.8) |
| BMI (kg/m2, median (IQR)) | 27.4 (23.5 to 33.6) | 28.8 (24.5 to 34.0) | 26.1 (21.6 to 33.8) |
| Normal/Underweight (n, %) | 105 (37%) | 25 (36%) | 5 (33%) |
| Overweight (n, %) | 76 (27%) | 15 (22%) | 4 (27%) |
| Obese (n, %) | 102 (36%) | 29 (42%) | 6 (40%) |
| Current self‐reported tobacco use (yes, %) | 69 (15%) | 22 (21%) | 6 (23%) |
| Cigarettes smoked daily | |||
| <3 cigarettes (n, %) | 15 (22%) | 1 (5%) | 1 (17%) |
| 3 to 5 cigarettes (n, %) | 32 (46%) | 15 (68%) | 4 (67%) |
| 6 to 8 cigarettes (n, %) | 3 (4%) | 2 (9%) | 0 (0%) |
| 10+ cigarettes (n, %) | 18 (26%) | 4 (18%) | 1 (17%) |
ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; IQR, interquartile range; PI, protease inhibitor.
aData are missing for the following covariates: income (69), current and nadir CD4 (5), time on ART (31), never stopped taking ART (3), adherence to ART (250), previously treated for TB (2) fasting and random glucose (2), BMI (175) and current self‐reported tobacco use (1); bdata are missing for the following covariates: income (16), nadir CD4 (1), time on ART (5), adherence to ART (56), fasting and random glucose (1) and BMI (37); cdata are missing for the following covariates: income (7), time on ART (2), adherence to ART (13) and BMI (11).