Table 1:
Demographic, health, and substance use characteristics among persons who inject drugs reporting opioid use in the past year by OAT treatment status
| Past-Year OAT | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All Participantsd | No OAT | Methadone | Buprenorphine | |||
| Characteristic | N=486 n (%) | N=340 n (%) | N=132e n (%) | p-value | N=23e n (%) | p-value f |
| Male | 307 (63.3) | 222 (65.3) | 76 (58.0) | 0.14 | 15 (65.2) | 0.99 |
| Age (years), mean [SD] | 41.1 [12.7] | 40.7 [12.7] | 42.6 [12.1] | 0.14 | 35.7 [13.1] | 0.07 |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.29 | 0.76 | ||||
| White | 317 (65.5) | 230 (68.1) | 79 (59.9) | 14 (60.9) | ||
| Black | 45 (9.3) | 28 (8.3) | 15 (11.4) | 2 (8.7) | ||
| Hispanic | 45 (9.3) | 32 (9.5) | 12 (9.1) | 3 (13.0) | ||
| Othera | 77 (15.9) | 48 (14.2) | 26 (19.7) | 4 (17.4) | ||
| Currently homeless | 277 (57.2) | 197 (58.3) | 72 (54.6) | 0.46 | 15 (65.2) | 0.51 |
| Has health insurance | 447 (92.6) | 302 (89.6) | 131 (99.2) | <0.01 | 23 (100.0) | 0.15 |
| Years since first injection | 0.10 | 0.66 | ||||
| 0–5 years | 103 (21.2) | 78 (22.9) | 19 (14.4) | 7 (30.4) | ||
| 6–15 years | 85 (17.5) | 60 (17.7) | 23 (17.4) | 4 (17.4) | ||
| >15 years | 298 (61.3) | 202 (59.4) | 90 (68.2) | 12 (52.2) | ||
| Overdosed, past year | 106 (21.8) | 76 (22.4) | 29 (22.0) | 0.93 | 6 (26.1) | 0.68 |
| Prior HCV test, ever | 408 (85.0) | 271 (81.1) | 124 (93.9) | <0.01 | 22 (95.7) | 0.09 |
| HCV antibody positiveb | 325 (68.9) | 218 (66.5) | 99 (75.6) | 0.06 | 17 (77.3) | 0.36 |
| Prior HIV test, past yearc | 216 (48.0) | 143 (45.8) | 65 (52.4) | 0.21 | 14 (63.6) | 0.11 |
| HIV-infectedb | 21 (4.3) | 15 (4.4) | 6 (4.6) | 0.96 | 1 (4.4) | 1.00 |
a
Includes Asian, Pacific Islander, Native American, and persons who chose multiple races.
b
Based on tests performed during the study visit.
c
Among 450 participants who did not report a prior HIV diagnosis.
d
Excludes 1 person who reported treatment with naltrexone.
e
9 persons reported both methadone and buprenorphine treatment and are included in both treatment columns.
f
p-value is for Fisher exact test or Chi-square tests.
Abbreviations: OAT, opioid agonist therapy; SD, standard deviation; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus