Figure 1.
Effects of crystalloid composition on plasma electrolytes and organ function. The figure displays the electrolyte content of human plasma and of each intravenous crystalloid solution. Gray boxes indicate the expected effect of administration of each crystalloid on plasma electrolytes. Panels on the right summarize detrimental effects of saline-induced hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis on the cardiovascular and renal systems reported in preclinical and clinical research.