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Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by urban–rural status among (A) never-smokers and (B) current or former smokers. This figure demonstrates the estimated national prevalence of COPD by poverty and urban–rural status for both smokers and never-smokers. Prevalence is displayed below, with 95% confidence intervals. Note that the scales differ between A and B. “Poor community” was defined as a census tract with ≥20% of households living below the poverty line.
