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. 2019 Apr 16;9:6118. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42630-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Ectopic expression of tkv^CA in CySCs leads to CySC overproliferation and CySC-GSC competition. (a) CySCs (by Zfh1, red, white arrowheads) in c587^ts control testis. (b) CySCs (white arrowheads) in c587^ts > tkv^CA testis. (c) Quantification of the number of Zfh1⁺ cells in control and c587^ts > tkv^CA testes. n = 10–15 testes. (d) esg-lacZ (by lacZ, red) in c587^ts control testis. esg-lacZ is highly expressed in the hub (red arrowhead and asterisk) and the early germline cells (GSCs and GBs) (white arrowheads), and weakly expressed in CySCs (yellow arrowhead). (e) esg-lacZ (red) in c587^ts > tkv^CA testis. No germline cells can be observed. esg-lacZ can only be observed in the hub (red arrowhead and asterisk) and CySCs (yellow arrowheads). (f) Quantification of the number of esg-lacZ⁺ germline cells in control and c587^ts > tkv^CA testes. n = 10–15 testes. (g) Quantification of the number of esg-lacZ⁺ early cyst cells in control and c587^ts > tkv^CA testes. n = 10–15 testes. mean ± SEM is shown. **p < 0.01. GFP in green, blue indicates DAPI staining for DNA. Scale bars: 10 μm.