Table 5.
Complications of Ilizarov methods
| Author/s | Number of patients | Pin tract infection (n) | Wire breakage (n) | Refracture (n) | Joint stiffness (n) | Amputations (n) | Equinus deformity (n) | Docking site problems (n) | Malunion (angular deformity) (n) | Persistent infection (n) | Regeneration problems (n) | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Madhusudhan et al. | 22 | 22 | 7 | nr | 22 | 0 | 22 | nr | nr | 6 | 1 | 2 knee septic arthritis 22 limb oedema |
| Pirwani et al. | 16 | 16 | 0 | nr | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | nr |
| Bumbasirevic et al. | 30 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 19 | 1 | 4 | nr | nr | 1 peroneal neuritis 2 chronic pain 4 limb oedema |
| Megas et al. | 9 | 8 | 0 | nr | 5 | 0 | nr | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | nr |
| Lin et al. | 16 | nr | nr | nr | nr | nr | nr | 0 | 0 | 1 | nr | nr |
| Babar et al. | 17 | 8 | 3 | nr | nr | nr | nr | 1 | nr | 0 | 1 | nr |
| Feng et al. | 21 | 3 | nr | nr | 0 | 0 | 0 | nr | 2 | 0 | nr | nr |
| Krappinger et al. | 15 | 9 | nr | nr | 5 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 2 | 2 | nr |
| Selim | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | nr |
| Shadid et al. | 12 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | nr | 0 | nr | 0 | nr |
| Spiegl et al. | 25 | 9 | 0 | nr | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 0 | nr |
| Xu et al. | 30 | 3 | 1 | nr | 0 | 0 | 0 | nr | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 early mineralization |
| Yin et al. | 66 | 40 | 4 | 2 | nr | 0 | nr | 6 | 0 | 0 | nr | nr |
| Morsy | 12 | 12 | 0 | nr | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | nr |
| Marais et al. | 7 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 flap dehiscence |
| Azzam et al. | 30 | nr | 1 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 residual length discrepancy 1 skin invagination |
| Bernstein et al. | 30 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 3 | nr | 0 | 1 knee septic arthritis 2 skin entrapment |
| Khan et al. | 24 | 5 | 0 | nr | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 skin entrapment |
| Peng et al. | 58 | 18 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Wani et al. | 26 | 23 | 0 | nr | 8 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 2 residual length discrepancy |
| Aboumira et al. | 25 | 14 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | nr |
| Aktuglu et al. | 24 | 17 | 0 | nr | 7 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 residual length discrepancy |
| Fürmetz et al. | 8 | nr | nr | nr | nr | 2 | nr | nr | nr | nr | nr | nr |
| Rohilla et al. | 35 | 25 | 2 | 1 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | nr |
| Tetsworth et al. | 21 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | nr | 9 | nr |
| Yilihamu et al. | 14 | 5 | 0 | nr | 8 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 knee dislocation 1 ankle dislocation |
| Zhang et al. | 16 | 13 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | nr | 1 | nr |
nr not reported