Table 5.
Preference for video-based directly observed treatment to in-person directly observed treatment and its association with demographics, clinical details, and mobile phone usage characteristics.
| Variables | Prefer DOTa (n=43), n (%) | Prefer vDOTb (n=142), n (%) | Unadjusted ORc
(95% CI) |
Adjusted ORd,e
(95% CI) |
|
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Female | 26 (37) | 45 (63) | Referentf | Referent |
|
|
Male | 17 (14.9) | 97 (85.1) | 3.297 (1.627-6.680) | 4.004 (1.846-8.683) |
| Age (years) | |||||
|
|
<32, n (%) | 14 (16) | 74 (84) | Referent | —g |
|
|
≥32, n (%) | 29 (30) | 68 (70) | 0.444 (0.216-0.909) | — |
| Marital status, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Single | 11 (18) | 51 (82) | Referent | — |
|
|
Married | 32 (26.1) | 91 (73.9) | 0.613 (0.285-1.319) | — |
| Residence, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Rural | 22 (34) | 42 (66) | Referent | Referent |
|
|
Urban | 21 (17.4) | 100 (82.6) | 2.494 (1.241-5.014) | 2.626 (1.197-5.765) |
| Education status, n (%) | |||||
|
|
No formal education | 18 (45) | 22 (55) | Referent | Referent |
|
|
Formal education | 25 (17.2) | 120 (82.8) | 3.927 (1.841-8.376) | 3.391 (1.492-7.709) |
| Literate in English, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Others | 34 (29.3) | 82 (70.7) | Referent | — |
|
|
English | 9 (13) | 60 (87) | 2.764 (1.234-6.193) | — |
| Employment status, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Not gainfully employed | 20 (26) | 56 (74) | Referent | — |
|
|
Gainfully employed | 23 (21.1) | 86 (78.9) | 1.335 (0.672-2.655) | — |
| Monthly income (Indian Rupee), n (%) | |||||
|
|
<5000 | 26 (30) | 62 (70) | Referent | — |
|
|
≥5000 | 17 (18) | 80 (82) | 1.973 (0.984-3.956) | — |
| Type of patient, n (%) | |||||
|
|
New patient | 37 (23.3) | 122 (76.7) | Referent | — |
|
|
Others | 6 (23) | 20 (77) | 1.011 (0.378-2.704) | — |
| Type of TBh, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Pulmonary | 24 (24) | 74 (76) | Referent | — |
|
|
Extrapulmonary | 19 (22) | 68 (78) | 1.161 (0.585-2.305) | — |
| Microscopy (TB bacilli) , n (%) | |||||
|
|
Negative | 25 (25) | 75 (75) | Referent | — |
|
|
Positive | 18 (21) | 67 (78) | 1.241 (0.623-2.473) | — |
| Treatment phase, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Intensive | 40 (25.2) | 119 (74.8) | Referent | — |
|
|
Continuation | 3 (12) | 23 (88) | 2.577 (0.734-9.043) | — |
| Treatment category, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Category I | 39 (23.8) | 125 (76.2) | Referent | — |
|
|
Others | 4 (19) | 17 (81) | 1.326 (0.421-4.175) | — |
| Treatment observation, n (%) | |||||
|
|
In-person DOT | 13 (30) | 31 (70) | Referent | — |
|
|
Self-administered | 11 (24) | 34 (76) | 1.296 (0.507-3.315) | — |
|
|
Not initiated | 19 (20) | 77 (80) | 1.699 (0.749-3.857) | — |
| Recruitment center, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Public health care facility | 8 (31) | 18 (69) | Referent | — |
|
|
St John’s Medical College Hospital (private) | 35 (22.1) | 124 (77.9) | 1.575 (0.632-3.925) | — |
| Access to phone, n (%) | |||||
|
|
No | 15 (44) | 19 (56) | Referent | — |
|
|
Yes | 28 (18.5) | 123 (81.5) | 3.468 (1.571-7.654) | — |
| Short message service use, n (%) | |||||
|
|
No | 36 (30.3) | 83 (69.7) | Referent | — |
|
|
Yes | 7 (11) | 59 (89) | 3.656 (1.523-8.776) | — |
| Camera use, n (%) | |||||
|
|
No | 29 (30) | 69 (70) | Referent | — |
|
|
Yes | 14 (16) | 73 (84) | 2.192 (1.069-4.492) | — |
aDOT: directly observed treatment.
bvDOT: video-based directly observed treatment.
cOR: odds ratio.
dFinal adjusted logistic regression model P value<.001 (Forward stepwise [conditional] method); Nagelkerke R2 : 0.22; −2 Log-likelihood: 171.465.
eOnly variables retained in the final regression model have an adjusted OR.
fReferent: reference category.
gNot applicable.
hTB: tuberculosis.