Table 7.
Evidence of anti-diabetic effects of naringenin: in vivo genetic diabetes animal studies.
| Genetically-Induced Diabetes Animal Model | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animals | Naringenin Concentration/Duration | Blood Measures | Other Measures | Reference |
| C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice | 0.2 g/kg diet, 5 weeks | ↓ Glucose levels ↓ Lipid levels |
↓ Hepatic FAS, G6Pase and PAP activity ↓ Hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation ↑ Hepatic GK mRNA ↑ GLUT4 levels ↓ GLUT2 levels |
[84] |
| Ldlr−/− mice | 3% wt/wt, 8 weeks | ↓ Glucose levels ↓ Lipid levels ↓ Insulin levels ↑ β-hydroxybutyrate |
↑ Energy expenditure ↑ Pgc1a mRNA ↑ Cpt1a mRNA ↑ Pnpla2 mRNA |
[85] |
Fatty acid synthase (FAS); Phosphatidate phosphatase (PAP); Glucokinase (GK); Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α (Cpt1α); Patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2 (Pnpla2).