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The function roles of VEGF-C/VEGFR3 signaling in tumor progression. The VEGF-C/VEGFR3 axis promotes tumor growth in autocrine and paracrine manners. VEGF-C can enhance the proliferation of LECs through VEGFR3, resulting in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of tumor cells. VEGF-C/VEGFR3 signaling can also mediate the functions of immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and natural killer (NK) cells.
