Table 1.
Characteristics of Normal, Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) 2/3, and Cervical Cancer Subjects.
| Characteristics | Normal (Group A, n = 18) |
CIN 2/3 (Group B, n = 17) |
Cervical Cancer (Group C, n = 12) |
p a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) b | 45.6 (7.72) | 41.1 (6.98) | 55.9 (10) | 0.0004 |
| BMI (kg/m2) b | 21.3 (2.66) | 21.3 (2.56) | 22.9 (4.03) | 0.4852 |
| Energy intake (kcal/day) b | 1892 (367) | 1839 (435) | 1953 (452) | 0.8232 |
| HPV c | 11 (61.1) | 12 (80) | 8 (72.7) | 0.5435 |
| Post-menopausal c | 7 (41.2) | 3 (18.7) | 7 (63.6) | 0.0604 |
| Oral contraceptive use (Yes&ever) c | 3 (16.7) | 5 (29.4) | 4 (33.3) | 0.5343 |
| Hormone treatment (Yes&ever) c | 4 (23.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (9.1) | 0.1552 |
| Current smoker c | 2 (11.8) | 2 (12.5) | 1 (9.1) | 1.0 |
| Passive smoker c | 10 (58.8) | 13 (81.3) | 7 (63.6) | 0.3587 |
| Alcohol drinker c | 12 (70.6) | 14 (87.5) | 6 (54.5) | 0.0615 |
ap value calculated by chi-squared test for categorical variables and by Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables. Fisher’s exact test was performed when the categorical variable was more than 25% of the cells with an expected frequency of five or less. b Mean (standard deviation) c n (%) BMI: body mass index; HPV: human papillomavirus.