Table 1.
Diversity and richness of aquatic Diptera.
| Family or Superfamily | Total Species 1 | Aquatic Species 2 | Predominant Trophic Group; Habitat |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ceratopogonidae | 5902 | 5182 | collectors and predators; diverse lentic and lotic |
| Chaoboridae | 89 | 89 | predators; lentic |
| Chironomidae | 7290 | 7090 | all trophic groups; all aquatic habitats |
| Corethrellidae | 111 | 111 | predators; lentic (phytotelmata) and lotic (hyporheic) |
| Culicidae | 3725 | 3725 | collectors and some predators; lentic |
| Dixidae | 197 | 197 | collectors; lentic and lotic surfaces |
| Simuliidae | 2335 | 2335 | collectors; lotic |
| Thaumaleidae | 183 | 183 | scrapers; madicolous |
| Ptychopteridae | 80 | 80 | collectors; springs (mud) |
| Tanyderidae | 40 | 40 | collectors; lotic (gravels, saturated wood) |
| Blephariceridae | 330 | 330 | scrapers; lotic (rocks) |
| Deuterophebiidae | 14 | 14 | scrapers; lotic (rocks) |
| Nymphomyiidae | 8 | 8 | collectors/scrapers; lotic (mosses) |
| Axymyiidae | 9 | 9 | shredders; lotic margins (saturated wood) |
| Bibionidae | 1102 | 1 | collectors? |
| Scatopsidae | 407 | 5 | collectors; tree holes |
| Psychodidae | 3026 | 1988 | collectors and scrapers; lentic and lotic |
| Tipuloidea | 15,803 | 11,062 | all trophic groups; lentic and lotic |
| Cylindrotomidae | 71 | — | — |
| Limoniidae | 10,813 | — | — |
| Pediciidae | 506 | — | — |
| Tipulidae | 4413 | — | — |
| Stratiomyidae | 2690 | 928 | collectors; lentic, madicolous, thermal springs |
| Athericidae | 133 | 133 | predators; lotic |
| Oreoleptidae | 1 | 1 | predators; lotic |
| Pelecorhynchidae | 49 | 49 | predators; streams and swamps |
| Tabanidae | 4434 | 4434 | predators; lentic and lotic |
| Dolichopodidae | 7358 | 3182 | predators; lentic and lotic |
| Empididae | 3142 | 671 | predators; lotic |
| Lonchopteridae | 65 | 2 | collectors; freshwater shores |
| Phoridae | 4202 | 17 | collectors; lentic |
| Syrphidae | 6107 | 1341 | collectors; lentic and lotic margins (saturated wood) |
| Coelopidae | 35 | 35 | collectors and shredders; marine intertidal (seaweed) |
| Dryomyzidae | 30 | 3 | predators; marine intertidal |
| Helcomyzidae | 12 | 12 | collectors and shredders; marine intertidal (seaweed) |
| Heterocheilidae | 2 | 2 | collectors and shredders; marine intertidal (seaweed) |
| Sciomyzidae | 618 | 194 | predators; wetlands |
| Canacidae | 323 | 323 | scrapers; marine intertidal (seaweed) and lotic |
| Ephydridae | 1994 | 1251 | collectors and shredders; lentic, lotic (margins) and marine intertidal |
| Muscidae | 5218 | 701 | predators; lentic and lotic |
| Scathophagidae | 419 | 150 | shredders and predators; lentic |
| Sarcophagidae | 3094 | 87 | collectors and shredders; lentic (incl. phytotelmata) |
| Totals | 80,549 | 45,965 |
1 Ordering of families and species numbers are from [8]. 2 Species numbers are from [9], except those for Simuliidae [10], Bibionidae (aquatic number from [11]), Scathophagidae and Sarcophagidae (calculated from North American percentages [6]), and all numbers for Tipuloidea [12]; an estimated 200 species of Chironomidae and 720 species of Ceratopogonidae are terrestrial.