Lymphocyte proliferation following intravenous injections of rAAV9-hADA vector or lactated Ringer's PBS in ADA-SCID KO mice. (Left panel) Total lymphocyte and lymphocyte subset counts, followed over 90 days, at 30-day intervals, in vector-treated KO mice (labeled “rAAV9”). (Right panel) Equivalent lymphocyte populations, at equivalent time points, in PBS-injected, negative control (NC), knockout mice. It is interesting that a positive, progressive trend in total lymphocytes as well as lymphocyte subset populations was observed in the treated versus the untreated KO mice. Total lymphocyte, B cell, CD3+ cell, CD4+ cell, and CD8+ cell counts followed over time, and following injection of vector or PBS, show a positive, progressive, increasing trend for the treated animals relative to the untreated animals. Although the average B-cell counts decrease by day 90 for treated animals, counts are still substantially higher than the B-cell counts of untreated mice. NK-cell counts, followed over time, and following injection of vector or PBS, show a steady, but weaker, positive trend over the 90-day experiment for the treated relative to the untreated animals. pI, post-injection.